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SPEAKER_01: This Pride Month, Womanaka is brought to you exclusively by Mercedes Benz. Together, we're honoring people who've expanded the norms of gender and sexuality in the performing arts. Mercedes Benz embraces the freedom of individual expression and continues to support and stand with the LGBTQIA plus community. Listen all month long as we share stories of proud individuals whose authentic expression in their lives and bodies of work have challenged norms, driving society forward. Hello, from Wonder Media Network, I'm Jenny Kaplan and this is Womanaka. This month we're highlighting queer stars at the stage and screen, people who expanded the norms of gender and sexuality behind the scenes and in the limelight. Today we're talking about the first queer person to come out on live TV in Mexico. She was an actor, a poet and a writer and she also founded the first gay organization in Mexico. Please welcome Nancy Cardenas. Nancy was born on May 29th, 1934 in Paras de la Fuente, Mexico. She described her hometown as a 400 year old small town with a million trees, 20,000 people and only one access road. Nancy was passionate about education. She pursued a degree and a PhD in the dramatic arts at the National Autonomous University of Mexico in Mexico City. She arrived at the school with liberal views and became increasingly involved in organizing for political causes. She joined the Communist Party and soon, she was handing out pamphlets and speaking at party rallies. Nancy continued her education at Yale University where she studied film and theater. She then moved to Wojcie, Poland to study Polish language and literature. Throughout her studies, Nancy stayed busy writing plays. Her travels helped her meet lesbian and queer people across the world. She often took inspiration from these interactions, working queer themes into her writing. After Nancy's time in Europe, she returned to Mexico City where she got a job working in radio. While she first worked on the production side, she later became an actress. She also served as the coordinator for the university's Cinema Club. Around that time, Nancy got more involved in the student movement sweeping Mexico. In 1968, she was arrested for her participation in the student protests against police violence. In 1970, she collaborated with her writer activist friend, Carlos Bonsi-Vais. They translated, directed, and produced Paul Zindel's play, The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man and the Moon Marigolds. Her contributions won her first place from the Association de Criticos de Teatro. As Nancy's work was receiving more acclaim, she was also becoming more outspoken about queer identity and issues. By this point, she developed a queer circle of friends and writers with whom she discussed queer issues and identity in Mexico. Finding her community galvanized Nancy, and in 1973, she made an announcement live on national television. Renowned TV reporter, Jacobo Zabludovsky, invited her to appear on his popular show, 24 Hours. While they were discussing homosexuality and gay liberation, Nancy revealed that she was a lesbian. Though many were already aware of Nancy's sexuality, her decision to announce it on national television was groundbreaking. She was suddenly the most visible queer person in the country. Homophobia was rampant in Mexico. When she shared her sexuality with the public, homosexuality was still listed as a psychiatric disorder by the American Psychiatric Association. The following year, riding on momentum of her declaration, she founded the Frente de Liberación Homosexual. It was the first gay organization in Mexico. She continued organizing for queer causes and collaborated with Carlos Muncie-Vice, Juan Jacobo Hernandez, and Luis Gonzalez de Alba to write the 1975 Manifesto in Defense of Homosexuals in Mexico. And yet another first, Nancy led the first Pride March in Mexico in 1978 at the Plaza de las Tres Culturas, a main square in Mexico City. In March of 1994, Nancy passed away from breast cancer. The Nancy Cardenas Latin American and Mexican Lesbian Documentation and Historical Archives Center was named in her honor. Nancy's remembered for her relentless activism, not only for queer causes, but the causes of marginalized folks of all sorts of backgrounds. In a posthumous open letter to Nancy, her friend Carlos Muncie-Vice wrote, An activist by vocation and temperament, you weren't worried about what they'd say. You didn't even consider it. Now I know that you were not a provocateur, as I sometimes felt at that time, but strictly a defender of human and civil rights. First of all, for those of your specific minority, but also for other causes. All month, we're highlighting queer stars of stage and screen. For more information, find us on Facebook and Instagram at Wamanica Podcast. Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator. As always, we'll be taking a break for the weekend. Talk to you on Monday.
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