SPEAKER_01: Reboot your credit card with Apple Card. It gives you unlimited daily cash back that can earn 4.15% annual percentage yield when you open a savings account. A high yield, low effort way to grow your money with no fees. Apply for Apple Card now in the Wallet app on iPhone to start earning and growing your daily cash with savings today. Apple Card subject to credit approval. Savings is available to Apple Card owners subject to eligibility. Savings accounts by Goldman Sachs Bank USA. Member FDIC, terms apply.
SPEAKER_02: Hey, can I let you in on a little secret? Ugh, I'm obsessed with the Drop app. Drop makes it so easy to score free gift cards just for doing my everyday shopping at places like Ulta, Sam's Club, and Lyft. So if you're like me and love a good shopping spree, download Drop today and join the secret club of savvy shoppers. And use my code, getdrop999, to get $5.
SPEAKER_04: This year, Hyundai features their all electric Hyundai IONIQ lineup as a proud sponsor of the I Heart Radio Music Festival in Las Vegas with two high tech models. The IONIQ 5 can take you an EPA estimated 303 miles on a single charge and has available two way charging for electronic equipment inside and outside the car. The IONIQ 6 boasts a mind blowing range of up to 360 miles and can deliver up to an 80% charge in just 18 minutes with its 800 volt DC ultra fast charger. Check out Hyundai at the I Heart Radio Music Festival in Las Vegas as their all star IONIQ lineup hits the stage like you've never seen before. Hyundai, it's your journey.
SPEAKER_00: One of the best ways to hear about a podcast is through a friend. That's why this week we're trying something new. We created a link that makes it easy to share the show with your group thread, your friend via Twitter DM, and all the places where recommendations happen. For every five people you share Encyclopedia Wamanica with who download the podcast, we'll send you $5 as a thank you. Follow the link in the show notes and help us spread the word. Hello, from Wonder Media Network, I'm Jenny Kaplan and this is Encyclopedia Wamanica. Today's politician was a visionary political leader, pioneer and activist who took the world by storm when she became the first woman to serve as Prime Minister of Israel. Please welcome Golda Meir. Golda Mavovich was born on May 3rd, 1898 in Kiev, Ukraine, which was still a part of Russia at the time. Her father, Moshe, worked as a skilled carpenter while her mother raised the couple's three daughters. They lived surrounded by their large and observant extended Jewish family. Golda's early years were filled with terror as the family was constantly under threat from abject poverty and violent pogroms. In 1903, Moshe was able to get a visa to move to the United States. And three years later, the rest of the family joined him. They settled in a poor Jewish section of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. When Golda was 14, she graduated as valedictorian of her class from the local primary school. She was excited to start high school, but her parents wanted her to focus on looking for a husband instead. They didn't see the value in Golda continuing her education. In defiance of their wishes, Golda enrolled in the local high school and took an afternoon job to pay her expenses. The following year, Golda ran away from home to go live with her older sister and brother-in-law in Denver, Colorado. There, she attended high school and socialized with her sister's friends, many of whom were politically radical anarchists or labor Zionists. The debates she sat in on during this period helped define Golda's political philosophy. She also met a young man in Denver named Morris Meyerson, with whom she fell in love. After a year in Denver with her sister, Golda's parents apologized to Golda, and she returned home to Milwaukee, where she finished high school in 1916. The following year, she enrolled at the Milwaukee Normal School, a teacher's college, to earn her teacher's degree. In her free time, she taught reading, writing, and history at a Yiddish school in Milwaukee and preached the values of labor Zionism on street corners, much to her parents' chagrin. In 1917, Britain issued the Balfour Declaration, calling for the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people. That Christmas Eve, Golda married Morris Meyerson on the condition that they would move to Palestine and live on a kibbutz. Morris was not an ardent Zionist like Golda, but he was in love, so he agreed to the terms. In 1921, the two moved to kibbutz Merkavia, which was located in an area of Palestine rife with swamps and malaria. Golda proved her worth as a model member of the kibbutz. She became an expert in animal husbandry and was eventually chosen as the kibbutz's representative to the National Trade Union Organization, known as the Histadrut. At the same time, Morris was struggling after coming down with malaria and feeling like he didn't really have a place on the kibbutz. He adamantly refused to have children with Golda unless she agreed to raise them in a traditional family setting. In 1923, Golda and Morris left the kibbutz and moved to Jerusalem, where Morris got a job as a bookkeeper for the Histadrut. In 1924, Golda gave birth to a son, Menachem, and in 1926, she gave birth to a daughter, Sara. The family lived on the verge of poverty during this period. Golda made a deal with her son's preschool that she would wash laundry by hand in exchange for free tuition. In 1928, Golda ran into an old friend who offered her the job of secretary at the Histadrut's Women Workers' Council. Golda knew that Morris wouldn't approve of her taking the job, but she accepted anyway. She packed up her kids and moved to Tel Aviv, effectively ending her marriage, though she and Morris never officially divorced. Golda thrived in her new role and quickly moved up the Histadrut's ranks. In 1934, she was named to the executive committee, and two years after that, she became head of the political department. During World War II, Golda took on additional responsibilities, including a major role at the Jewish Agency, which was the primary Jewish governmental authority in British-controlled Palestine. She later served as acting head of the Jewish Agency and was its spokesperson during negotiations with the British. After the State of Israel was established in 1948, war immediately broke out between Israel and its Arab neighbors. Golda was sent to the United States to try to raise $25 million from the American Jewish community to help equip Israel's new army. She raised $50 million. She also traveled to Transjordan, disguised as a Bedouin woman, for a secret meeting with Jordan's King Abdullah to try to convince him not to join the war. Towards the end of 1948, Golda was appointed ambassador to the USSR. Following Israel's victory over its neighbors, Golda was elected to the Israeli parliament, called the Knesset, in 1949. She was then named minister of labor by Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion, a title she retained for seven years. This was a huge job. She was in charge of finding employment for the almost 700,000 immigrants who moved to Israel between 1948 and 1951, in the aftermath of the Holocaust.
SPEAKER_00: In 1956, Ben-Gurion promoted Golda to the position of foreign minister, the second highest position in the government. As part of the appointment, Ben-Gurion insisted that Golda adopt a more Hebrew-sounding last name, which was not uncommon in Israel at the time. Thus, Golda Meyerson became Golda Meir. Golda was the only woman in the world serving as foreign minister at the time, and she shocked and delighted world leaders and the press with her disdain for formalities. She was known to fly coach, to wash her own underwear in hotel bathrooms, and to host foreign dignitaries in her home kitchen while she baked. After 10 years as foreign minister, Golda decided to retire in 1966. At 68 years old, she had dreams of living a slower life and spending more time with her grandchildren. She had also been diagnosed with lymphoma a year earlier and was receiving secret treatments. But Golda just wasn't cut out for the quiet life. In 1967, she was talked into becoming the secretary of the newly unified Labor Party. Then, in 1969, Prime Minister Levi Eshkol died of a heart attack while in office. In order to avoid what many thought would be a major power struggle between two of the leading government ministers for the prime minister's seat, Golda agreed to take over the job herself. Golda served as the prime minister of Israel for four years. She likely would have served much longer if not for the 1973 Yom Kippur War, when Israel was surprise attacked by Egypt and Syria. Though Israel eventually won, more than 2,700 Israeli lives were lost in the fighting, which was felt particularly hard in such a small country. In the direct aftermath, the Israeli public turned against Golda and blamed her for the loss of life, even though she'd actually been the one who wanted to call up the army reserves in the buildup to the war. She had been talked out of it by her military advisors, who didn't think there was a threat. Golda stepped down from the office of prime minister on June 4th, 1974, after being unable to form a government. Nevertheless, in the years that followed, the public forgave Golda, and she morphed into an elder stateswoman and beloved public figure. Golda died on December 8th, 1978, in Jerusalem from lymphoma. She was 80 years old. As one of the most beloved figures in Israel, she was given the honor of being buried on Mount Herzl. To this day, Golda is well-remembered as a political pioneer, a national leader, and a role model for women striving to make their mark on the world. All month, we're talking about politicians. For more on why we're doing what we're doing, check out our newsletter, Wamanica Weekly. Follow us on Facebook and Instagram at Encyclopedia Wamanica, and follow me directly on Twitter, at Jenny M. Kaplan. Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator. Talk to you tomorrow.
SPEAKER_07: Want to get seven streaming services for one low price? Sign up for a smart bundle that'll stimulate your brain. Featuring CuriosityStream with the best documentary films and TV shows. Tastemade for the fun side of food and travel. Topic with the best thrillers and crime stories. DaVinci, teacher-approved ad-free shows and games, and more. From nature to history, technology to food, mystery to adventure. Get seven streaming services for one low price. At less than $6 a month, it's the best deal in streaming. Sign up at SmartBundle.com.
SPEAKER_03: All-inclusive vacations make life easy with endless eats, bottomless drinks, and never-ending fun. So booking an all-inclusive vacation should be easy too, right? That's where Apple Vacations comes in. Book your all-inclusive getaway with Apple Vacations and receive exclusive perks at select resorts. You'll find the best deals from REU Hotels and Resorts in Mexico, the Caribbean, and Central America, and enjoy a selection of exclusive nonstop vacation flights. Turn on Easy Mode at applevacations.com or call your local travel advisor to get started.
SPEAKER_06: AT&T and Verizon lure you in with their best phone offers, only to lock you into a three-year phone contract, not at T-Mobile. Now, with T-Mobile's best Go 5G plans, upgrade when you want. Every year or every two, you decide. Visit tmobile.com to take charge of your upgrades.
SPEAKER_05: Get two-year financing on Go 5G Plus and Next. One-year upgrade on Go 5G Next requires financing a new qualifying device and upgrading in good condition after six plus months with 50% paid off. Upgrade ends financing in any promo credits. See tmobile.com.
