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SPEAKER_00: Before we get started, I wanna give a special shout out to a very special Womaniac I got to meet last week. We've launched a brand new membership program for Encyclopedia Womanica. And part of the deal is weekly live events with the team behind the show. Last week during a live Q&A, I met a fan named Azaria who was inspired by this show and now records her own daily show called Never Too Young. She inspired me immensely. So I wanted to give her a special shout out today. If you're interested in supporting the work that we do and in getting access to live events and more, check out glow.fm slash Womanica. Now let's get to it.
SPEAKER_06: ["The Star-Spangled Banner"] ["The Star-Spangled Banner"] ["The Star-Spangled Banner"]
SPEAKER_00: Hello, from Wonder Media Network, I'm Jenny Kaplan and this is Encyclopedia Womanica. This month we're talking about mavericks and legends. We're highlighting women who went against prescribed gender norms to make a name for themselves, for better or for worse. Today we're talking about an iconic film star and sex symbol whose androgynous style challenged gender norms and captured hearts around the globe. She also took a brave political stand against Nazism that closed doors to her native Germany and forced her abroad. Let's talk about Marlene Dietrich. Mary Magdalene Dietrich was born on December 27th, 1901 in Schoenberg, Germany. She grew up comfortably attending a private school where she learned to speak English and French. From a young age, she went by a combined version of her first and middle names, Marlene. Marlene clearly had a gift for music and the performing arts, and in her teen years, she studied to be a professional violinist. But a life spent in conservative concert halls didn't appeal when compared to nightclubs and more glamorous haunts. Marlene faked a hurt wrist so she could quit the violin and instead decided to dip her toes into acting and modeling to showcase her glamorous looks, big personality, and enchanting, soon-to-be-famous voice. In 1921, Marlene took a step further in the direction of the stage when she started attending Max Reinhardt's famed theater school. She soon joined his company, and by 1923, she'd caught the eye of a casting director from UFA Film Studios named Rudolf Sieber. Rudolf's interest in Marlene expanded beyond the professional. It appears the attraction was mutual, as the two married in 1924 and had a daughter together. But the relationship didn't last. Rudolf and Marlene separated in 1929, though they didn't officially divorce till much later. From a career perspective, 1929 was a major breakthrough year for Marlene. She starred as the lead in Germany's first feature-length talking film called The Blue Angel, making her an instant international star. Up to that point, she'd been working on stage and in silent films and hadn't fully broken through. It was quite a risk for her to sign on to a talking picture, as many of even the most famous silent actresses of the era were unsuccessful in making the switch. Marlene was different. The director of The Blue Angel, Joseph von Sternberg, went on to direct Marlene in many other movies and took her to Hollywood, where she signed with Paramount Pictures. In the 1930s, she starred in many movies, including Morocco, Dishonored, Shanghai Express, and The Devil Is a Woman. She often leaned into the femme fatale trope. Her acting success and her distinctive sense of style made Marlene an international trendsetter. She donned trousers and other clothes typically worn almost exclusively by men at the time. Normalizing more androgynous clothing choices and making them cool. Critic Kenneth Tynan said, "'She has sex, but no particular gender. "'She has the bearing of a man. "'The characters she plays love power and wear trousers. "'Her masculinity appeals to women "'and her sexuality to men.'" Marlene became a US citizen in 1937, as the politics in her native country moved in a direction she couldn't stomach. This did not go unnoticed by the Nazis.
SPEAKER_00: As Adolf Hitler rose to power, it seems he hoped Marlene, a proud German, would fall into line and support his cause. She refused to do so, going so far as to say in an interview, "'Hitler is an idiot.'" Because Marlene actively opposed the Nazi party, she was shunned in Germany, where her movies were temporarily banned. She decided to throw her energy and support behind the Allied forces in her adopted country. From 1943 to 1946, she made more than 500 personal appearances in front of Allied troops to support the cause. After the conclusion of World War II, Marlene's successful acting career continued on stage and screen. She had an almost preternatural star quality that attracted admirers near and far and helped her retain her selling power at the box office. It didn't hurt that Marlene was constantly in the gossip columns with reports of some exciting dalliance or another. She was known for having many, many affairs with famous men and women of the era. Ernest Hemingway once said of Marlene, "'If she had nothing more than her voice, "'she could break your heart with it.'"
SPEAKER_01: ["The Hazy Afternoon"] ["The Afternoon"]
SPEAKER_05: ["And I know a place that's quiet, ["except for Daisy's"]
SPEAKER_06: Still, her relationship with her fellow Germans
SPEAKER_00: and her home country continued to be strained. As late as a 1960 trip to Berlin, Marlene was faced with Nazi supporters who spat on her and raised banners telling her to go home. ["Afternoon"] Even 20 years later, she'd yet to be forgiven for refusing them her support. In 1987, a documentary about Marlene's life, called Marlene, was released, and the following year, Marlene published her autobiography. Marlene died in 1992 in Paris, France. She was 90 years old. To this day, she epitomizes glamor in popular culture, despite and perhaps because of the fact that her carefully crafted image went against the norm. As most of us hopefully are staying at home, it can be hard to get fresh, healthy food. Stay healthy-focused and energized with fresh, delicious meals delivered straight to your door from Saqqara. Saqqara is a nutrition company that believes wellness begins with what you eat. From hearty salads and nutrient-dense granolas to savory flatbreads and seasonal fruit parfaits, their ever-changing menu of creative, chef-crafted meals makes clean-eating delicious. All of Saqqara's meals are 100% plant-based, gluten-free, dairy-free, and non-GMO. In addition to their delicious meals, Saqqara also offers daily essentials like supplements and herbal teas to complete your wellness routine and support overall health and vitality. To boost immunity, try their best-selling daily probiotic blend or detox water drops with pure chlorophyll. Right now, Saqqara is offering our listeners 20% off their order if they go to saqqara.com slash encyclopedia or enter code encyclopedia at checkout. That's Saqqara, S-A-K-A-R-A, dot com slash encyclopedia to get 20% off your order. Saqqara.com slash encyclopedia. All May, we're talking about mavericks and legends. Some of these women did incredible things for society and should be celebrated. Others had a big impact that was not so rosy. All in all, the collection of women we're featuring this month is complex and nuanced, much like all women are. For more on why we're doing what we're doing, check out our newsletter, Womanica Weekly. You can also follow us on Facebook and Instagram at Encyclopedia Womanica, and you can follow me directly on Twitter at Jenny M. Kaplan. Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator, and to all the Womaniacs out there. Talk to you tomorrow.
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