SPEAKER_04: Reboot your credit card with Apple Card. It gives you unlimited daily cash back that can earn 4.15% annual percentage yield when you open a savings account. A high yield, low effort way to grow your money with no fees. Apply for Apple Card now in the Wallet app on iPhone to start earning and growing your daily cash with savings today. Apple Card subject to credit approval. Savings is available to Apple Card owners subject to eligibility. Savings accounts by Goldman Sachs Bank USA. Member FDIC, terms apply.
SPEAKER_06: Fall is a great time to update your house with Dabella, an award-winning leader in home improvement. For your roofing, bath, siding, or windows, check out the experts at iHeart.dabella.us. You'll get great customer service. They received the Angie's List Super Service Award and completed over 40,000 projects. Get your free, no obligation quote at iHeart.dabella.us. Now is the time to make your house even better. Get started today. There's no payments until 2024 on approved credit. Build lasting value in your home with iHeart.dabella.us. Warning, the following message contains an app recommendation you won't be able to resist. Girl, how do you keep getting all these things for free?
SPEAKER_05: Coffee, makeup, and now lunch?
SPEAKER_00: You haven't heard of the Drop app? Drop is a free app that rewards you for shopping at places like Ulta, Adidas, and Sam's Club. I've already earned $100 this month.
SPEAKER_06: Download the Drop app and get $5. Use invite code GETDROP222.
SPEAKER_01: Hello, from Wonder Media Network, I'm Jenny Kaplan, and this is Encyclopedia Wamanica. Today's local legend is a white-haired, quiet grandmother of 12. It's said she made the entirety of Argentina cry with a search for her 12th grandchild. She was a well-loved schoolteacher and a dedicated mother, but it was her determination to uncover the truth in the face of constant threat that made her famous. Let's talk about Estela de Carloto and the Abuelas of the Plaza de Mayo. Estela was born on October 22, 1930, in a rural area of Argentina called La Pampa. Her mother and father were both of English descent. Estela's father worked as a postmaster, while her mother stayed home and made fancy clothing. Growing up, Estela's mother taught Estela how to sew and dress herself. When Estela turned 20, she realized a childhood dream by becoming a primary schoolteacher. She prided herself on her relationship with her students. She later became the principal of a school in La Plata, one of Argentina's biggest cities. Around this time, Estela met and married a man named Guido Carloto. The couple had four children together. They named their oldest daughter Laura after a movie they watched together during their engagement. By all accounts, Estela was happy to live the rest of her life as a schoolteacher and mother, but it seems history had other plans. In 1976, the Argentine military staged a coup, or junta, against the Peronist government. Led by Lieutenant General Jorge Rafael Videla, it was the beginning of one of the country's darkest chapters, called the Dirty War. The junta persecuted any perceived dissidents, including activists, students, journalists, and anyone tied to leftist organizations with brutal force. Those who were taken, more than 30,000 individuals, were called los desaparacidos, or the disappeared. Often, they were never heard from again. In the years leading up to the junta, three of Estela's children had become involved in leftist politics. Laura, especially, had become a militant Peronist and activist through her work in journalism. Though Estela and Guido often encouraged Laura to flee the country, she was steadfast in furthering her cause in Argentina. In 1977, Laura had just entered the University of La Plata to pursue a degree in history when she was kidnapped and taken to a detention center. She was 23 years old and three months pregnant. It wasn't out of the ordinary for pregnant people to become part of the disappeared. Often, these women were kept alive until they gave birth. The mothers were then killed, and the babies were given to military families or others connected to the regime. The process was a brutal method of re-educating the future Argentinian population in favor of the Videla government. When Laura disappeared, Estela and Guido set to searching for her. It was a dangerous task, however. Guido was taken prisoner and tortured for 25 days for his investigation. He was only set free after Estela paid a hefty fine. Nearly six months after Laura went missing, Estela followed the advice of a close friend who had also lost her daughter to the junta. She attended a group session of women who had lost their children to the Dirty War. They called themselves the Abuelas de la Plaza de Mayo. The Abuelas were founded in 1977 in response to the Dirty War. Most members had lost a child or a grandchild to the Videla abductions. The Abuelas took it upon themselves to bring attention to Los Desaparacidos. They did so in a series of public marches in the Plaza de Mayo, the main square in Buenos Aires. They identified themselves by wearing a white handkerchief around their hair, a now famous symbol for human rights in Argentina. Estela joined the Abuelas in April of 1978. Just four months later, in August, she was informed by the police of Laura's death. Laura's body was also returned to her for burial, which was out of the ordinary. Still, Estela heard no news of Laura's baby. That same month, Estela retired from teaching and dedicated herself full-time to working with the Abuelas of the Plaza de Mayo. The group was pursuing a lofty goal. They wanted to locate the children of the disappeared and reunite them with their existing biological family. They began by piecing together stories from survivors of detention centers. But the Abuelas soon added another tool to their arsenal. They became instrumental in the development of genetic forensics in Argentina. In the hope of an American genetic scientist, the Abuelas set to work testing willing children for genetic similarities to those taken by the regime. Their endeavor eventually led to the creation of a national blood bank to identify children born in captivity, as well as the Argentine forensic anthropology team. In 1983, the military coup came to a close, and a democratic government was elected. This allowed the Abuelas' efforts to continue with less controversy. In 1989, Estela was elected president of the group. She became famous for her always-coiffed hair and refined demeanor as she traveled the world to publicize the Abuelas' cause. From survivors of the detention center, Estela had learned early on that Laura had given birth to a baby boy and named it Guido. Estela searched for nearly 40 years without further word on Laura's son. In interviews, she always spoke of her grandson as she was waiting to meet him. In the meantime, Estela helped identify over 100 children by 2009, and became a grandmother to 11 other children. Her husband, Guido, died in 2001. It wasn't until 2014, 36 years after Laura's death, that a DNA test confirmed a musician from the countryside 200 miles away was Estela's grandson. He became the 114th grandchild to be identified. He changed his last name from his adoptive family's back to Montoya Carlotto in honor of his birth parents. Though he does not go by the name Guido, he did adopt it as his middle name. According to the Abuelas, an estimated 500 children had been kidnapped or born in detention centers. Under Estela's watch, the Abuelas have identified 121 children, over 10% of the total missing population, and have been presented with numerous humanitarian awards. Estela, now 90 years old, continues to lead their efforts.
SPEAKER_01: All month, we're talking about local legends. For more on why we're doing what we're doing, check out our newsletter, Womanica Weekly. Follow us on Facebook and Instagram at Encyclopedia Womanica. Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator. As always, we'll be taking a break for the weekend. Talk to you on Monday. Before you go, I wanna tell you about another show I think you'll like. If you think climate change is too intimidating, scary, or depressing to talk about, you might find the Hot Take podcast pretty refreshing. Hosted by Mary Annalise Hegler and Amy Westervelt, Hot Take is about the climate story, all the ways we're talking and not talking about it, and how that conversation influences everything from politics to your favorite Netflix series. If you're looking for a climate show where people talk like humans, process real emotions, have an honest conversation about how climate change intersects with race, class, gender, and literally everything, Hot Take is for you. Listen now wherever you get your podcasts.
SPEAKER_06: Fall is a great time to update your house with Dabela, an award-winning leader in home improvement. For your roofing, bath, siding, or windows, check out the experts at iHeart.Dabela.us. You'll get great customer service. They received the Angie's List Super Service Award and completed over 40,000 projects. Get your free, no obligation quote at iHeart.Dabela.us. Now is the time to make your house even better. Get started today. There's no payments until 2024 on approved credit. Build lasting value in your home with iHeart.Dabela.us. Now is the time to experience America's pastime
SPEAKER_02: in a whole new way. Major League Baseball has teamed up with T-Mobile for Business to advance the game with next-gen 5G solutions, going deeper with real-time data visualization, new camera angles that put fans on the field with their favorite players, and even testing an automated ball strike system in the minor leagues. This is the 5G era of baseball. See what we can do for your business at T-Mobile.com. Major League Baseball trademarks used with permission. Officially licensed product of MLB Players Incorporated.
SPEAKER_03: You're at a place you just discovered and being an American Express Platinum card member with global dining access by Resy helped you score tickets to quite the dining experience. Okay, Chef. You're looking at something you've never seen before, much less tasted. After your first bite, you say nothing because you're speechless. See how to elevate your dining experiences at americanexpress.com slash with Amex. Don't live life without it. Terms apply.
