Leading Ladies: Meena Kumari

Episode Summary

The leading lady in this episode of Encyclopedia Wamanica is Meena Kumari, one of the most acclaimed and decorated actors in Bollywood history. Meena Kumari was born in 1933 in Bombay, India to Muslim parents who were both struggling actors. She began acting at just 6 years old to help provide for her family. By age 14, Meena had her first starring adult role and took on the stage name Meena Kumari. In the early 1950s, Meena met director Kamal Amrohi on a film set. The two fell in love despite the fact that Amrohi already had a wife and children. They married in secret, leading to conflict with Meena's father who demanded she divorce Amrohi. Meena refused and moved in with Amrohi, but soon realized he was oppressive and abusive. Though the marriage was troubled, Meena starred in many of Amrohi's films and he often financially relied on her success. During the late 1950s and early 1960s, Meena played more serious, tragic roles in films that mirrored her own traumatic personal life. She became known as the "tragedy queen" of Indian cinema. In 1964, after years of turmoil, Meena separated from Amrohi. Following the separation, Meena struggled with depression and alcoholism. Her health declined but she continued acting through the late 1960s. In 1972, her most famous film Pakeezah was released just weeks before her death at age 38 from cirrhosis. Though Meena's own life was filled with tragedy, she made over 90 films and left an unforgettable impact on Bollywood.

Episode Show Notes

Meena Kumari (1933-1972) was one of the most acclaimed and decorated actors in Bollywood history. Known to audiences as “The Tragedy Queen,” she has been described by critics as a "historically incomparable" actress.

Episode Transcript

SPEAKER_05: Reboot your credit card with Apple Card. It gives you unlimited daily cash back that can earn 4.15% annual percentage yield when you open a savings account. A high yield, low effort way to grow your money with no fees. Apply for Apple Card now in the Wallet app on iPhone to start earning and growing your daily cash with savings today. Apple Card subject to credit approval. Savings is available to Apple Card owners subject to eligibility. Savings accounts by Goldman Sachs Bank USA. Member FDIC, terms apply. SPEAKER_06: Hey, can I let you in on a little secret? Ugh, I'm obsessed with the Drop app. Drop makes it so easy to score free gift cards just for doing my everyday shopping at places like Ulta, Sam's Club, and Lyft. So if you're like me and love a good shopping spree, download Drop today and join the secret club of savvy shoppers. And use my code, getdrop999, to get $5. SPEAKER_03: My name is Diana Hock and I'm an operations manager at Morgan & Morgan. At Morgan & Morgan, we've made it really easy. Anything that we need from you, you're able to do from the comfort of your home. You can just dial pound law and you talk to someone like me. SPEAKER_01: If you or any one of your family has been injured, call Morgan & Morgan, America's largest injury law firm. We've collected over $15 billion for our clients. It's easy. Visit forthepeople.com for an office near you. SPEAKER_00: Hey listeners, rarely do I get to read an ad for a company that I've seen grow since inception. I'm so excited to tell you about Bev. Bev is breaking norms and changing drinking culture to empower women. 80% of adult beverage companies are still male owned and operated, while 60 to 70% of the consumer is female. Bev is trying to change that. Bev has three canned wines that are crisp, dry, and a little fizzy. The fact that the wine is in cans makes it so easy to transport and take wherever you are. Get yours by going to drinkbev.com and use the promo code Jennie to get 15% off your order. Check it out. I promise it's really worth it. And you're supporting someone I love. Hello. From Wonder Media Network, I'm Jennie Kaplan and this is Encyclopedia Wamanica. Today's leading lady is one of the most acclaimed and decorated actors in Bollywood history. Known to audiences as the tragedy queen, she's been described by critics as a historically incomparable actress. Though her own life often mirrored the tragedies she played out on screen, she managed to make more than 90 films in her short lifetime leaving an indelible mark on Indian film. Please welcome Meena Kumari. Meena Kumari is a mother of a Muslim woman who was born on August 1, 1933 in Bombay, India to father Ali Bux, a Sunni Muslim from a province in what's now Pakistan, and mother Iqbal Begum, a Bengali Christian convert to Islam. Both of her parents were struggling actors in Bollywood. Ali played harmonium, worked as a music teacher Maja Beene's acting career began at just six years old when she landed a role in the 1938 Vijay Bhatt film Leatherface. Though she later said that she had no interest in acting, Maja Beene noted that she was proud of being the breadwinner for her family at such a young age and was content to continue working at her father's behest. From 1939 to 1942, she acted in seven films. It was on the set of one of these films in 1940 that she took the name Baby Meena. When Meena was just 14 years old, she starred in her first adult role as the heroine in the film Bajchan Ka Khel, which featured a number of major Bollywood stars of the era. She received significant critical and popular praise for her breakout performance. It was around this time that she started going by the name Meena Kumari. Meena worked on a series of box office hits from 1946 to 1952, including a number of big films in the mythology and fantasy genre. While on the set of the film Tamasha in 1951, legendary Bollywood actor Ashok Kumar introduced Meena to director and screenwriter Kamal Amrohi. Amrohi subsequently offered Meena the starring role in his next film, and she accepted, but it was not to be. Just a couple of weeks after signing on to the new movie, Meena was in a serious car crash while on her way back to Bombay and ended up spending four months recovering in the hospital. Amrohi began visiting Meena at the hospital nearly every day, and when he couldn't come in person, they would communicate through letters. Amrohi and Meena, who was only 19 at the time, fell in love. And after Meena was released from the hospital, the two decided to get married. There were just a couple problems. Amrohi already had a wife and children, and Meena knew her father wouldn't approve of their union. The two ended up marrying in secret, but after only a few months, the media found out and broke the news. Meena's father demanded an immediate divorce as expected, but Meena, who was still living in her parents' home at the time, refused. That same year, Meena officially became one of the most famous and in-demand actors in Bollywood after starring in the film Baiju Bara. This was the first film that really allowed Meena to show her star power and significantly increased her value at the box office. Meena received her first Filmfare Award for her work on the film, the Bollywood equivalent of an Oscar. The following year, Amrohi asked Meena to star in his next film, but Meena's father wouldn't let her work with the man who was technically her husband. Instead, Meena's father told her to take a role in a different film, but she only lasted five days on set before instigating a fight with the director and leaving. The following day, she told her father that she was heading to Bombay to star in Amrohi's film instead. Her father told her that if she left, she would no longer be welcome to live in his home. He kept to his word, refusing to open the door for Meena when she returned from shooting. With little choice, Meena moved into Amrohi's house in Bombay. According to Vinod Mehta's biography of Meena, Amrohi became a very oppressive and even abusive husband once the two began living officially as a married couple. He imposed strict rules on who Meena was allowed to have in her dressing room on set, regularly sent his personal assistant to spy on her, and set a nightly curfew for her, and was constantly upset at being upstaged by her greater stardom. There have also been accusations of physical abuse. At the same time, Meena was funding her husband's ever more lavish productions out of pocket, and she was trying to convince him to have a child with her, which he refused. Suffice it to say, the marriage was extremely rocky. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, Meena began starring in films that more closely mirrored her own life. She was particularly drawn to dramas that featured women leads exhibiting great strength in the face of tragedy. As a result, she became known as the tragedy queen of Indian cinema. The films during this period showed off Meena's incredible range and brought her significant critical acclaim. In 1963, Meena made history when she was nominated for an award in all three of the best actress categories at the Filmfare Awards. On March 5, 1964, while on the set of a new film, Meena was slapped across the face by her husband's personal assistant after Meena invited a famous male lyricist into her makeup room. Enraged at this latest indignity forced upon her by her husband, Meena told Omrohi that she wouldn't be returning to his house ever again. The two remained separated for the rest of their lives. Following the separation, Meena suffered from severe depression and began drinking heavily. Though she continued acting in major productions and received significant acclaim for her work throughout the 1960s, her drinking worsened considerably over time. In 1968, Meena was diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver and subsequently traveled to London and then Switzerland for advanced treatment. After returning to India in late 1968, she resumed work, contrary to her doctor's orders. By 1972, Meena's health was deteriorating rapidly, but she was determined to finish one last film, a movie she and her estranged husband started all the way back in 1954 called Pakeezah. The movie premiered February 3, 1972 and became the most famous and most highly acclaimed film of Meena's career. Just three weeks after the release, Meena was admitted to a nursing home. She died on March 31, 1972. She was just 38 years old. For her epitaph, Meena requested the following lines. She ended life with a broken fiddle, with a broken song, with a broken heart, but not a single regret. Tune in tomorrow for the story of another leading lady. Special thanks to my favorite sister and co-creator, Liz Kaplan. Talk to you tomorrow. I want to tell you about another show I think you might like. The American Girls podcast reviews the series you loved book by book. Join Alison Horrocks and Mary Mahoney as they explore the wild world of American girl fandom. In each of these episodes, we'll In each episode, Alison and Mary dive into an American girl book from there and perhaps your childhood. Using their knowledge as professional historians and finely tuned instincts as amateur pop culture critics, they'll take you back to a very different time, the late 1980s and 1990s. If the question, are you a Samantha, makes you think of an 18-inch doll with a faux velour hat, this show is for you. Hosted by two Mollies, but made for everyone. Check out the American Girls podcast wherever you listen. An epic matchup between your two favorite teams SPEAKER_04: and you're at the game getting the most from what it means to be here with American Express. You breeze through the card member entrance, stop by the lounge. Now it's almost tip off and everyone's already on their feet. This is going to be good. See how to elevate your life sports experience at American Express.com, subscribe to American Express dot com slash with Amex. Don't live life without it. Eligible American Express card required. Benefits vary by card and by venue. Terms apply. SPEAKER_07: If the Caribbean is calling, but your wallet is keeping you from answering, here's some great news. Now you can get more sand for your dollar on your next all inclusive beach vacation with the cheap Caribbean dot com budget beach finder. Just set your price range and the budget beach finder will show you the best deals across tons of different beach destinations. Easily compare vacay packages in Mexico, Jamaica, Punta Cana and more to find exactly what you're looking for at the best price possible. SPEAKER_02: Do you hear it? The clock is ticking. It's time for the new season of 60 minutes. The CBS News Sunday Night tradition is back for its 56th season with all new big name interviews, hard hitting investigations and epic adventures. No place, no one, no story is off limits. And you'll always learn something new. It's time for 60 minutes. New episode airs Sunday, September 24th on CBS and streaming on Paramount Plus.