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SPEAKER_00: Before we get started, a warning. This episode contains a mention of suicide and graphic depictions of violence. Hello, from Wonder Media Network, I'm Jenny Kaplan and this is Womanaka. This month we're talking about folk heroes, women whose lives and stories took on mythic proportions. Today we're talking about the warrior queen of the ancient Musagatay people. Her small but formidable army defeated Cyrus the Great, the Persian king who ruled the vast Achaemenid Empire. Let's talk about Tomyris. Tomyris was born in present day Central Asia, east of the Caspian Sea, likely in the sixth century BCE. In her time, the land belonged to the Musagatay, an ancient nomadic people. Most of what we know about the Musagatay today was first recorded by the ancient green historian Herodotus. Tomyris ascended the throne after her husband, the former king, died. During Tomyris' reign, her kingdom caught the eye of another powerful ruler. Cyrus the Great was the founder of the Persian Empire. He had conquered lands and kingdoms before, and this time he set his sights on the Musagatay. First, Cyrus tried to win Tomyris' favor. He sent ambassadors to her, instructing them to court her on his behalf and convince her to be his wife. But Tomyris saw right through his scheme. She sensed that her kingdom was what Cyrus was really after. When his first plan fell apart, Cyrus moved more boldly, gathering an army and marching openly towards Tomyris' land. The Musagatay people watched as Cyrus' army hurriedly constructed a bridge to cross a neighboring river and invade their territory. Tomyris sent a messenger to Cyrus while his troops worked, asking him to retreat and let her troops cross the river so they could battle on Persian territory. Cyrus was tempted to agree, but one of his counselors scoffed at Tomyris' request and called it a disgrace intolerable for a Persian king to yield to a woman. The Musagatay wouldn't be content with a single victory, the counselor warned. So Cyrus and his army concocted an alternate plan. The Persian troops crossed the river and set up camp on Musagatay land. Then Cyrus and his army fell back again, leaving only their weakest soldiers behind. The Musagatay forces, led by Tomyris' sons, Barghapisis, surged into the empty Persian camp. They easily defeated the few Persian troops still left there. They were also delighted to find rich food and an abundance of wine left behind. After a fine feast, the Musagatay warriors became sluggish and drunk and vulnerable. It was a trap. The rest of the Persian army rushed back into their camp. They slaughtered a number of the Musagatay and took even more prisoners. Barghapisis was so distraught at their defeat that he killed himself. Tomyris was devastated to learn of her son's death and her army's loss. She was more determined than ever to prevent Cyrus from taking her people's homeland. She asked for Cyrus to retreat. If he didn't, she vowed, she would give Cyrus his fill of blood. Cyrus didn't retreat, but this time was different. Tomyris and her warriors moved forcefully into battle, armored in gold and bronze. They surrounded the Persian troops, cutting off any avenue of escape. The two armies fired off arrow after arrow until their quivers were empty, then crashed together to fight hand to hand. When the battle was over, Tomyris and the Musagatay stood as the victors. Many Persian warriors were slaughtered in the bloody battle, including Cyrus the Great himself. Tomyris ordered her troops to find the king's body. When they presented her with the dead ruler's head, she dipped it into a bag she had filled with human blood. She declared, I live and have conquered you in fight, and yet by you I am ruined, for you took my son with guile. But thus I make good my threat and give you your fill of blood. There isn't a record of what happened to Tomyris after this great battle. The queen's tomb has never been found, and archeologists haven't found any artifacts or ruins that seem connected to Tomyris. Herodotus's account, Tomyris's great claim to fame, is just one account of Cyrus's death. But Tomyris became an inspiration to artists and poets, and is the subject of many classical paintings. She even has a minor planet named after her, 590 Tomyris. Though many of the details of her life are lost to time, Tomyris persists as a mythic figure of strength and battle savvy. All month we're talking about folk heroes. For more information, find us on Facebook and Instagram at Womanica Podcast. Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator. Talk to you tomorrow.
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