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SPEAKER_06: Hello, from Wonder Media Network, I'm Jenny Kaplan, and this is Encyclopedia Wamanica. Today we're talking about one of the organizers of England's militant suffrage movement who fought her way to voting rights, Christabel Pankhurst. Her story often gets lost in the shadow of her activist mother, who we'll be talking about tomorrow. But today, we're highlighting Christabel's accomplishments. After all, a movement is made up of more than its figureheads. So let's talk about the lesser-known Christabel Pankhurst. The reasons why women should have the vote
SPEAKER_01: are obvious to every fair-minded person. The British Constitution provides, the taxation and representation shall go together. Therefore, women taxpayers are entitled to vote.
SPEAKER_06: Christabel Harriet Pankhurst was born in 1880 in Manchester, England. She was the daughter of suffrage activist, Emmeline Pankhurst. Christabel showed a fiery drive to learn early in life, and she independently learned to read before attending school. She attended a local high school before earning a law degree from the University of Manchester. Christabel earned an exceptional grade on her final exam, but faced a big hangup. As a woman, she wasn't allowed to practice law. So Christabel decided to channel her efforts elsewhere. In 1903, she teamed up with her mother and her sister, Sylvia, another prominent activist, to found the Women's Social and Political Union, or WSPU. The organization launched a campaign to obtain women's suffrage. The WSPU slogan was Deeds Not Words, and that showed in Christabel's action-based campaigning. She and Annie Kenny disrupted a Liberal Party meeting in 1905 by unfurling a votes-for-women banner, capturing international attention and landing Christabel in jail. Christabel's arrest stoked the passion of her mother's activism, and led to the formation of massive rallies. Christabel also directed successful campaigns of her own, including hunger strikes and marches. She ushered in a wave of anti-male sentiment, arguing that votes-for-women could combat what she considered a scourge of sexually transmitted diseases. Christabel's beliefs and tactics were often at odds with her sister Sylvia's.
SPEAKER_01: The honoring safety of the country are in the hands of Parliament. Therefore, every patriotic and projective woman wishes to take fast and controlling actions of our labor force.
SPEAKER_06: Sylvia didn't want to restrict the movement to the enfranchisement of upper and middle-class women. Christabel thought that tying suffrage to other issues, like working-class struggles, would drag the cause down. Christabel and the WSPU also continued to endorse militant and often violent means for gaining attention, including arson. But Sylvia was a pacifist and continued to grow more distant from her sister and the organization she helped found. In 1914, Sylvia was expelled from the WSPU. Christabel and her mother were willing to temporarily call off the suffrage campaign for one thing, World War I. Having declared a truce, Christabel directed her energy toward helping the British war effort. This won the movement favor with the British government, but further alienated Sylvia and her pacifist ideals. In 1921, Christabel decided to shift the focus of her life and move to America. She became an evangelical Christian and wrote books about the Second Coming. Women finally won suffrage in England through two laws in 1918 and 1928. And in 1936, Christabel was named a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire. Christabel spent the end of her life active in the evangelical Christian community. She also often appeared on TV through the 1950s. She passed away in 1958. It was thanks in part to the efforts of people like Christabel and others on the front lines that England finally granted suffrage to women. It's important to remember the many women fighting behind the scenes who brought us where we are today. Join us tomorrow to travel back a generation and learn about Christabel's trailblazing mother, Emmeline Pinkhurst. We'll dive deeper into the story of women's suffrage in England. All month, we're talking about feminists. We've covered feminists in every theme so far. What differentiates this month is that we'll be looking at women who are particularly important to the women's rights movement, the suffrage movement, and or modern feminism and feminist theory. On Saturdays, we're talking about modern feminists brought to you by this month's sponsor, Fiverr. On Sundays, we're highlighting favorite feminists from past months chosen by other podcast hosts we love. For more on why we're doing what we're doing, check out our new Encyclopedia Wamanica newsletter. You can also follow us on Facebook and Instagram at Encyclopedia Wamanica, and you can follow me directly on Twitter at Jenny M. Kaplan. This month of Encyclopedia Wamanica is brought to you by Fiverr, an online digital services marketplace connecting businesses with women who are creating, designing, copywriting, programming, editing, and more. Fiverr is here to support the world's freelance community during these challenging and uncertain times, as businesses need to adapt in the face of the corona pandemic. Women are an integral part of Fiverr's platform, many having worked with some of the most influential brands in the world. Fiverr's here to support all of its freelancers at this time. Fiverr also is looking to hire people behind the scenes who are equally passionate about supporting Fiverr's efforts to create, design, and innovate through its unique freelance platform. Fiverr operates in over 160 countries and offers digital services across 300 categories. So there are clearly lots of opportunities to change how the world works together with Fiverr in these unprecedented times. Head to Fiverr.com to see how Fiverr might be able to support you or your business. Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator. Talk to you tomorrow.
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