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SPEAKER_00: Hello, from Wonder Media Network, I'm Jenny Kaplan, and this is Encyclopedia Womanica. Today's feminist is a prolific writer and cultural critic. She's internationally recognized as a scholar of feminism and race. Let's talk about Bell Hooks. Bell Hooks was born Gloria Jean Watkins in 1952 in Hopkinsville, Kentucky. Her father was a janitor and her mother was a homemaker. Bell was one of six siblings and grew up in a small segregated town. In her book, Yearning, Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics, she describes her childhood neighborhood as a world where folks were content to get on a little. Mama's mother made soap, dug fishing worms, set traps for rabbits, made butter and wine, sewed quilts, and wrung the necks of chickens. During her childhood, Bell was faced with frequent discrimination. Growing up in a segregated community, she had to deal with daily indignities. She was also forced to attend racially segregated schools until the late 1960s. In that same 1990 book, Yearning, Bell reflected on the experience of desegregation, which was also traumatic. She wrote, During the 1960s, many women, particularly black women, were told to be polite and behave, but Bell talked back. In another of her books, called Talking Back, she wrote of her young self, Bell's unapologetic self-expression became her outlet. By the age of 10, she was writing poetry and reading her work at church. She quickly gained a reputation for her ability to recite verse. As a writer, Bell was influenced by Sojourner Truth, Malcolm X, and Martin Luther King Jr. Her pen name, Bell Hooks, is a tribute to her great-grandmother, Bell Blair Hooks. Bell purposefully spells her name in all lower case for the purpose of shifting attention from her identity to her ideas. When she was 19 years old, Bell got a scholarship to Stanford University, where she wrote her first draft of Ain't I a Woman, a book that she called A Love Letter for Me to Black Women. When I wrote Ain't I a Woman, in the period of maybe 19
SPEAKER_03: years old to 25, was the heyday of being engaged with other thinking women in critical dialectical exchange about what we meant by freedom, what we hoped for in our lives. I was a graduate student...
SPEAKER_00: It was published 10 years later in 1981. Ain't I a Woman established Bell as a formidable intellectual, setting the tone for many conversations among feminist leaders. It examined the effects of racism and sexism on black women. In 1976, when she graduated from Stanford, Bell got her master's degree in English at the University of Wisconsin in Madison. Seven years later, she earned her PhD at the University of California in Santa Cruz. In 1985, Bell accepted a joint appointment in English and African American Studies at Yale University. In 1988, she became a faculty member at Oberlin College teaching women's studies. In 2014, Bell founded the Bell Hooks Institute, an establishment dedicated to critical thinking and education. It's located in her home state of Kentucky, where she currently serves as a distinguished professor in residence. Bell has continued to write at a rapid pace. To date, she's published more than 35 books, an astonishing number even for an academic. Bell's writing explores the intersection of race, capitalism, and gender, while challenging systems of domination. I think people are hungry for dissent. I think people are hungry for provocative voices that
SPEAKER_04: go to the heart of the matter because people want to have answers to the things that they are in crisis about. We have a mass media and a publishing industry particularly that tells us keep it mellow, don't say anything, but what I find is people are really hungry for truth.
SPEAKER_00: All month, we're talking about feminists. We've covered feminists in every theme so far. What differentiates this month is that we'll be looking at women who were particularly important to the women's rights movement, the suffrage movement, and or modern feminism and feminist theory. On Saturdays, we're talking about modern feminists brought to you by this month's sponsor, Fiverr. On Sundays, we're highlighting favorite feminists from past months chosen by other podcast hosts we love. For more on why we're doing what we're doing, check out our new Encyclopedia Womanica newsletter. You can also follow us on Facebook and Instagram at Encyclopedia Womanica, and you can follow me directly on Twitter at Jenny M. Kaplan. This month of Encyclopedia Womanica is brought to you by Fiverr, an online digital services marketplace connecting businesses with women who are creating, designing, copywriting, programming, editing, and more. For women, the ability to work flexibly is highly valued. Fiverr is one of the rare platforms where globally women are on average making 19% more than men. That's something to celebrate this Women's History Month. As we call for more industry leaders to join with Fiverr to make strides in closing the gap and to support women in challenging current stereotypes and the status quo, Fiverr's marketplace helps the world's feminists get more done with less. Take five and learn more about how Fiverr is celebrating International Women's Day by supporting the female talent on the platform at fverr.co slash women. Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator. Talk to you tomorrow.
SPEAKER_08: Thank you. Thank you.
SPEAKER_05: No one, no story is off limits and you'll always learn something new. It's time for 60 minutes. New episode airs Sunday, September 24th on CBS and streaming on Paramount Plus.
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