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SPEAKER_05: Hello, from Wonder Media Network, I'm Jenny Kaplan, and this is Womanica. Today we're talking about a woman who believed so strongly in the rights of women to receive an education that she was willing to defy the traditions of the church and the edicts of the English government. The first woman to receive an education was a woman named Mary Ann Capplin. She was a woman who was a woman who was a woman who was a woman who was a woman who was a woman Let's talk about Mary Ward.
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SPEAKER_05: Mary was born on January 23rd, 1585 in England to a large Roman Catholic family at a time when Catholic persecution was rampant. Mary was raised in religious households. When she was a teenager, she lived with a family that maintained a strict schedule of prayer and instruction. They even had a priest secretly living in residence. At the age of 15, Mary felt that God was calling to her to lead a religious life, so she moved to northern France and joined a convent. In 1608, Mary left France to found her own convent for English women. After a year, Mary decided that living a life of contemplation and prayer, the standard for women involved in the Catholic Church, wasn't enough for her. She also wanted to do active ministry work, things like helping the poor, founding schools, and teaching Christianity. So Mary gathered a community of like-minded women, and they established an institute to run schools for girls in England. Mary's ambitions were highly controversial. For starters, the English government was still heavily persecuting Catholic people, which meant that Mary had to conduct her operations covertly, and the Catholic Church wasn't on her side either. The Church had ruled that women should stay in enclosed convents as nuns. Despite these challenges, Mary pushed forward, continuing to provide English girls with an education. She wrote, There is no such difference between men and women, that women may not do great matters. I hope in God it will be seen that women in time to come will do much. In 1621, Mary walked 1,500 miles to Rome for an audience with Pope Gregory XV. Mary wanted the pope to allow women to train for the same ministry work as men. But the pope didn't grant her an in-person audience, and Mary never got an official decision about her proposal. Still, Mary continued establishing schools all over Europe, in Rome, Naples, and Perugia, Munich, Vienna, and Pressburg, all while petitioning the pope to allow women to stand on more equal footing in the church. Finally, in 1631, Pope Urban VIII issued a papal bull that called Mary a heretic. Her institute was dissolved. Mary was imprisoned in a tiny, dirty cell in a Munich convent. She wasn't allowed to speak to anyone, and she wasn't given any writing materials. To communicate with the outside world, she wrote letters in lemon juice on the back of paper her food came wrapped in. In 1632, Mary traveled to Rome for her trial. The pope acknowledged that Mary was not a heretic, but he refused to reopen her schools. Still, Mary's followers continued to teach. In 1639, amidst worsening health, Mary was allowed to return to England. On January 30th, 1645, Mary died. She was 60 years old. In 1909, the Catholic Church confirmed Mary Ward's institute and named her the founder. A hundred years later, Pope Benedict XVI gave Mary the title of venerable, commending her heroic virtue. Mary Ward was a champion for women's education. Her schools have helped educate countless girls across the globe, and her perseverance and determination fundamentally reshaped how women were treated in the church. Today, Mary Ward's Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary has established teaching foundations on five continents. All month, we're honoring the legacy of educators.
SPEAKER_05: For more on why we're doing what we're doing, check out our newsletter, Womanica Weekly. Follow us on Facebook and Instagram at Encyclopedia Womanica. Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator. Talk to you tomorrow. This month of Encyclopedia Womanica is proudly supported by UNC Greensboro. Founded as a women's college in 1891, UNC Greensboro presents She Can, We Can, beyond the women's suffrage centennial. Through performances, films, lectures, and concerts, UNCG examines how the decisions from our past affect us today. Join the experience and learn more at shecanwecan.uncg.edu.
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