Best of: Charlotte Corday

Episode Summary

The podcast episode focuses on Marie Anne Charlotte Corday d'Arment, a French woman who assassinated the radical Jacobin leader Jean-Paul Marat during the French Revolution. Charlotte Corday came from a minor aristocratic family in Normandy. After losing her mother and elder sister at a young age, she and her younger sister were sent to an abbey in Caen. There, Charlotte was exposed to the teachings of humanist thinkers like Plutarch, Rousseau, and Voltaire, which heavily influenced her worldview. As the French Revolution erupted, Charlotte aligned herself with the moderate Girondin faction, who opposed the more extremist Jacobins led by Marat. Charlotte believed Marat and the Jacobins' violence threatened the moral fabric of France. She held Marat personally responsible for many deaths and feared his continued rise would mean the end of the Republic. On July 9, 1793, Charlotte traveled to Paris, bought a knife, and wrote an address explaining her motives. Unable to find Marat in public, Charlotte went to his home, where he often worked while soaking in his bathtub due to a skin condition. Pretending to have insider information, Charlotte gained access, gave Marat a list of names, and then stabbed him once in the chest. She was immediately seized and imprisoned. At her trial, she declared she had killed one man to save 100,000. But Charlotte's actions backfired - she turned Marat into a martyr and the Reign of Terror intensified. Despite insisting she was a Republican, Charlotte was sentenced to death. On July 17, 1793 she was executed by guillotine. Her crime challenged views of women's roles and led to backlash against growing feminism. Though controversial, Charlotte Corday played a significant part in the French Revolution.

Episode Show Notes

Charlotte Corday (1768-1793) was the assassin of French revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat.

Episode Transcript

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Today's episode originally came from our villainesses month in August of 2019. Let's go back to the era of the French Revolution to talk about the woman who assassinated the Jacobin leader Jean Paul Marat. Marie Anne Charlotte Cordet d'Arment was born in Normandy in 1768 to a minor aristocratic family. Charlotte was the middle of three sisters. When she was still quite young, her mother and elder sister both died. Charlotte's father sent her and her younger sister to an abbey in Caen because he couldn't handle his grief and the two girls. There, Charlotte first came into contact with the teachings of humanist thinkers such as Plutarch, Rousseau, and Voltaire. Those thinkers heavily influenced the way Charlotte saw the world around her. As France erupted in war, Charlotte aligned herself with the Girondins. For those of us who could use a refresher on the factions of the French Revolution, the Girondins were revolutionaries but they were the more moderate faction among the different groups fighting for supremacy. The Girondins generally opposed the more extremists who believed everyone who opposed the revolution should be terrorized and struck down. The Girondins were particularly at odds with the Jacobins, the more hardcore group. Charlotte believed the Jacobins' antics and outright violence threatened the moral fabric of the French nation. She felt so strongly about it that she set out to murder one of the Jacobin leaders, Jean Paul Marat. Marat was a prominent member of the radical group that led the Reign of Terror. He was a journalist who used his newspaper to sway public opinion. Charlotte held Marat responsible for many deaths and believed his continued ascension would mean the end of the Republic. On July 9th, 1793, Charlotte left her cousin's house where she was living at the time and traveled to Paris. She bought a kitchen knife with a six inch blade and wrote what she called an address to the French people to explain her motives. Charlotte initially planned to kill Marat in a very public setting in front of the national convention to make an example of him. But turns out, Marat had a serious skin condition that had worsened to the point that he spent most of his time and took most of his meetings in his home bathtub. So instead, Charlotte went directly to Marat's home, pretending she had insider information about a planned Durandin uprising. After being turned away once, Charlotte made it inside. Marat was, as usual, holding meetings from his bath. Charlotte gave him a list of names and then stabbed him a single time in the chest. The scene has been memorialized in the famous and haunting painting by Jacques-Louis David. Charlotte was immediately seized and imprisoned. During her trial, she said, "'I knew that he, Marat, was perverting France. "'I've killed one man to save a hundred thousand.'" In a farewell letter to her father, Charlotte wrote, "'The people, when they become disillusioned someday, "'will rejoice to be rid of a tyrant.'" But the chain of events following Charlotte's actions didn't go as she'd hoped. She'd actually turned Marat into a martyr and the terror intensified. Charlotte was sentenced to death despite her continued insistence that she was a Republican and had been one even before the Revolution. Her final request before death was to have a painting made from her likeness so she'd be remembered in history. Apparently, she viewed the painting just before heading to her death and suggested a few changes. On July 17th, 1793, Charlotte Corday was executed by guillotine. Charlotte's crimes changed the way women were seen in society at the time. She challenged the notion that women were lesser than or second class. For people who agreed with her political leanings, Charlotte was seen as a hero. Still, women distanced themselves from her after the murder because they feared she would incite action against the growing feminist movement. Some say Charlotte's actions led to the banning of women's political clubs and the executions of other female clubs. With her or against her, Charlotte Corday played a significant role in the French Revolution, even if her actions didn't quite land the way she thought they would. All month, we're bringing you the best of villainy, magic, and mystery. Tune in tomorrow for another of our favorite episodes. Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator. Talk to you tomorrow. SPEAKER_07: Get a five-star experience with Dibella. For your home improvement projects, check out the award-winning pros at iHeart.Dibella.us, where quality begins at home. 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