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SPEAKER_02: Hello, from Wonder Media Network, I'm Jenny Kaplan, and this is Womanica. This month we're talking about adventurers, women who refuse to be confined. They push the boundaries of where a woman could go and how she could get there. Today we're talking about a woman who's been crowned the Dean of All Women Pilots. She broke glass ceilings to become one of the most decorated female pilots in Brazil. Please welcome Anessia Pignerio. Please welcome Anessia Pignerio Machado. Anessia was born in the early 1900s in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Anessia had big dreams for what she wanted to be when she grew up. Later, she'd recall, "'When I was just a slip of a girl, my only ambition was to learn to fly,' something which in those days was simply unheard of." Whatever resistance she met, Anessia wasn't fazed. She once told a reporter that since childhood, she wanted to overcome "'restrictions inherent to my condition as a woman.'" And that's exactly what she did. In 1922, Anessia made her first solo flight the same day as another woman, Teresa de Marzo. Though they'd flown the same day, Anessia got her license the day after Teresa. With it, she became the second licensed woman pilot in Brazil. Later that year, she became the first Brazilian woman to fly with passengers. To some, flying is a means to an end. But for Anessia, flying was the end. Being up in the air, soaring through the sky was more important than the destination. To Anessia, flying meant freedom, a sort of adventure, an escape. Although Anessia was successful from the beginning, her journey wasn't without turbulence. She once landed a plane meant for land in the Rio de Janeiro Bay. She managed to wriggle out and wait for rescue while the plane sank. She also had her misadventures as a stunt pilot. In one incident, she blacked out while doing a loop with the plane. And when she regained consciousness, she was flying on top of the trees. Being a woman in aviation came with its challenges. She faced prejudice and was vocal about how the Sao Paulo authorities did everything in their power to block her path to becoming a civil aviator. In September of 1922, Anessia celebrated the centennial of Brazil's independence by flying interstate from Sao Paulo to Rio de Janeiro. She was the first Brazilian woman aviator to fly across country. In total, the 200-odd-mile trip took her four days. She spent about an hour in the air every day. Today, this entire trip would take an hour. But back then, the planes didn't rip through the sky like they do today. Anessia took her time, and when she arrived in Rio, she was greeted by a cheering crowd. Anessia's hero was Brazilian inventor Alberto Santos Dumón. In Europe and Brazil, he's credited as the inventor of the airplane. After Anessia's interstate flight, Alberto gifted her a gold medal. She wore it everywhere she went, on a chain around her neck as her good luck piece. In April of 1943, Anessia realized another dream, visiting the United States. The U.S. government invited her to take an aviation course at the Civil Aeronautics Authority Standardization Center in Houston, Texas. She gained the nickname of Shorty during her training. Anessia passed the CAA examination with a perfect score. At the time, she was the only non-American woman to receive CAA training in the U.S. Soon after her training, Anessia received a U.S. Commercial Pilots License and Instructor Certification. With this certification, Anessia could instruct men preparing for the Army and the Navy. She proudly accepted this American training and responsibility. Later that year, the air surgeon of the Army Air Forces invited Anessia to the School of Air Evacuation in Kentucky. This visit came on the heels of her trip to Nova Scotia to teach evacuation techniques to Canadian forces. Countries across South America regarded Anessia as an honorary pilot. Anessia saw flying as a way to bring countries closer together. It was a tool for international partnerships and understanding. She experienced this firsthand when she was sent on a greetings tour of the Americas in 1951. Anessia personally delivered letters to presidents in North, South, and Central America. In 1958, she got the opportunity to go on a tourist trip to Antarctica. She was probably the first registered Brazilian to visit Antarctica, but the recognition was attributed to a Brazilian man who arrived a week after her. Aviation consumed all areas of Anessia's life. For much of her career, she worked as an instructor and pilot. She was married to another member of the Brazilian Air Force. She even became the first Brazilian female pilot to write articles exclusively about aviation. By the end of her career, Anessia had received 25 military and civilian decorations abroad and at home. Anessia died on May 10th, 1999. All month, we're talking about adventurers. For more information, find us on Facebook and Instagram at Wamanica Podcast. Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator. Talk to you tomorrow.
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